Iqama

The iqama is the primary residency document for expatriates in Saudi Arabia, functioning as both a residence permit and a national ID card for non-citizens. It is issued by the Saudi Ministry of Interior and must be held by any foreign national residing in the Kingdom. Employers are legally responsible for sponsoring their employees' iqamas under the Kingdom's kafala (sponsorship) system.\n\nAs of 2026, Saudi Arabia is shifting toward a category-based residency framework administered by the Saudi Premium Residency Center, reflecting the broader regulatory modernisation underway as part of Vision 2030. Work permit fees linked to the iqama - sometimes called the "Expat Levy" - vary depending on the ratio of Saudi nationals to expatriates in an employer's workforce. Employers are legally responsible for paying both the work permit and iqama renewal fees on behalf of their employees.\n\nThe iqama must be renewed periodically. Letting it lapse can result in fines or restrictions on travel. Expats should track renewal dates carefully and confirm current fee schedules and procedures directly with their employer's PRO (Public Relations Officer) or via the official Absher platform.

For English-speaking expats in Saudi Arabia, the iqama is the foundational document underpinning your legal right to reside, work, open a bank account, obtain a driving licence, and access government services. Without a valid iqama, most everyday administrative tasks become difficult or impossible. Always confirm your iqama status before making any cross-border financial or legal commitments.\n\nFrom a tax and residency perspective, the iqama is also relevant for establishing Saudi tax residency under rules administered by ZATCA (the Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority). If you are an expat with tax obligations in another country - for example, a UK national with HMRC reporting requirements or a US national subject to IRS worldwide income rules - your iqama residency status may affect your treaty position. Consult a qualified cross-border tax adviser before drawing any conclusions. This article is not tax advice.